A few previous life-cycle assessments have compared the environmental impacts of urine recycling to conventional systems. But the new U-M study is the first to include detailed modeling of wastewater ...

A urine specific gravity test compares the density of urine to the density of water. This quick test can help determine how well your kidneys are diluting your urine. A urine test is a painless way ...

Every year on November 19, the United Nations celebrates one of public health's greatest inventions – the toilet. Those who are fortunate enough to have access to one spend more than a year of their ...

Researchers at McGill University have improved the efficiency of a method for converting human urine into clean energy. The method employs microbial fuel cells (MFCs), which use bacteria to turn ...

A urine protein test measures the amount of protein in a urine sample. A doctor may suggest this test to help evaluate and monitor kidney function and potentially detect kidney damage. The kidneys ...