A vote seen as a test of the power of populist nationalism in Europe was too close to call, with exit polls putting the two contenders neck and neck.

Karol Nawrocki, a right-wing nationalist, flipped exit poll results and defeated Warsaw Mayor Rafal Trzaskowski.

P OLAND’S PRESIDENTIAL election, which pits a centrist liberal against a hard-right nationalist, has been watched closely all across Europe. A liberal win would cement Poland’s newfound influence in the European Union’s mainstream;